Addison's disease, or adrenal insufficiency, occurs when the outer layer of the adrenal glands are damaged.
Most commonly, it is caused by the immune system attacking the glands as if they were harmful bacteria or viruses. However, it can be caused in other ways.
The adrenal glands, which form part of the endocrine system, are situated just above each kidney. They produce hormones that affect every organ and tissue in our bodies. The adrenal glands consist of 2 layers, the medulla (interior) and cortex (outer layer). The medulla produces adrenaline-like hormones, while the cortex secretes corticosteroids.
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