Abruptio placente is defined as the partial or complete separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall, before delivery, after the 20th week of pregnancy. It is an important cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.
The incidence is quoted as 0.49- 1.8%,2 and evidence from the US and Norway indicate that the frequency is increasing.1,2 Small episodes of placental abruption may escape clinical detection and only be diagnosed after routine examination of the placenta.
In such cases, the reported incidence is higher. Unlike severe grades, minor, self-limited abruption may have few consequences. The maternal mortality rate is approximately 1%. Severe hemorrhage may also cause severe morbidity, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), renal failure, massive transfusions, and hysterectomy. Postpartum hemorrhage can result from DIC or from a Couvelaire uterus with an impaired ability to contract.
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